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Queenstown, Eastern Cape
Queenstown, named after Queen Victoria,〔(http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Queenstown,_South_Africa )〕 is a town in the middle of the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa, roughly half way between the smaller towns of Cathcart and Sterkstroom. It is currently the commercial, administrative, and educational centre of the prosperous surrounding farming district. The nickname of the town, 'Rose Capital of South Africa', comes from the large gardens and open places for flowers (especially roses) in and around town.
The city is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Queenstown. Churches of all faith denominations are to be found in and around Queenstown.
==History==
The town was founded in early 1853 under the direction of Sir George Cathcart, who named the settlement, and then fort, after Queen Victoria. Work on its railway connection to East London on the coast was begun by the Cape government of John Molteno in 1876, and the line was officially opened on 19 May 1880.〔Burman, Jose (1984), ''Early Railways at the Cape''. Cape Town: Human & Rousseau, p.86. ISBN 0-7981-1760-5〕
The town prospered from its founding up to the worldwide depression of the 1930s, and again thereafter. In the 1960s, the majority of the Black population were moved east to the township of Ezibeleni, as part of the attempt to move African people to so-called "homelands". The area has in the past had very severe weather problems, luckily, often only affecting the surrounding areas. In 2002, heavy snowfall around Queenstown caused a severe disaster, especially since the area was not funded or ready for such a disaster.〔(http://www.dispatch.co.za/2002/07/22/easterncape/AAAALEAD.HTM ) - About 2002 heavy snow disaster〕 Then, in 2004, the surrounding areas of the Eastern Cape were affected by strong winds and heavy rainfall,〔(http://www.dispatch.co.za/2004/09/27/Easterncape/arain.html ) - Heavy rainfall in Queenstown area〕 although Queenstown once again escaped much flooding and some wind damage, power shortages soon followed. Other natural disasters include droughts〔(http://www.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1&click_id=14&art_id=qw936036661900B223 ) - Drought in 1999〕 and veld fires (wild fires).〔(http://www.dispatch.co.za/1999/08/31/easterncape/CAPE.HTM ) - Fires in 1999〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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